Последняя армия Римской Республики

Abstract

В статье рассмотрена последняя республиканская армия: средства на ее содержание, состав, политическая программа. The article considers the last republican army: running costs, its structure and political program. The army recruited by the murderers of Caesar lived off the eastern provinces. Its main components were the legions manned by Roman citizens, in most cases former soldiers of Caesar and Pompey. The exigencies of war compelled the Republican leaders to fill out these forces with recruits from the provinces, to such an extent that, contrary to traditional recruiting principles, even some whole legions were made up of provincials. When they had got their army ready Brutus and Cassius found they had to submit to its every demand. They tried to secure the men's loyalty by distributions of money, also by intensive propaganda of Republican ideals. But on the battlefield of Philippi their own troops forced them to undertake actions which hastened the complete rout of the army. The destruction at Philippi of the last army of the Republic crushed every hope cherished by the Roman oligarchy of restoring their control of the Roman state.